diff --git a/web/app/components/base/chat/chat/__tests__/hooks.spec.tsx b/web/app/components/base/chat/chat/__tests__/hooks.spec.tsx
index 92fa9ea42e..097986a4e6 100644
--- a/web/app/components/base/chat/chat/__tests__/hooks.spec.tsx
+++ b/web/app/components/base/chat/chat/__tests__/hooks.spec.tsx
@@ -588,6 +588,66 @@ describe('useChat', () => {
       expect(lastResponse.workflowProcess?.status).toBe('failed')
     })
 
+    it('should keep separate iteration traces for repeated executions of the same iteration node', async () => {
+      let callbacks: HookCallbacks
+
+      vi.mocked(ssePost).mockImplementation(async (_url, _params, options) => {
+        callbacks = options as HookCallbacks
+      })
+
+      const { result } = renderHook(() => useChat())
+
+      act(() => {
+        result.current.handleSend('test-url', { query: 'iteration trace test' }, {})
+      })
+
+      act(() => {
+        callbacks.onWorkflowStarted({ workflow_run_id: 'wr-1', task_id: 't-1' })
+        callbacks.onIterationStart({ data: { id: 'iter-run-1', node_id: 'iter-1' } })
+        callbacks.onIterationStart({ data: { id: 'iter-run-2', node_id: 'iter-1' } })
+        callbacks.onIterationFinish({ data: { id: 'iter-run-1', node_id: 'iter-1', status: 'succeeded' } })
+        callbacks.onIterationFinish({ data: { id: 'iter-run-2', node_id: 'iter-1', status: 'succeeded' } })
+      })
+
+      const tracing = result.current.chatList[1].workflowProcess?.tracing ?? []
+
+      expect(tracing).toHaveLength(2)
+      expect(tracing).toEqual(expect.arrayContaining([
+        expect.objectContaining({ id: 'iter-run-1', status: 'succeeded' }),
+        expect.objectContaining({ id: 'iter-run-2', status: 'succeeded' }),
+      ]))
+    })
+
+    it('should keep separate top-level traces for repeated executions of the same node', async () => {
+      let callbacks: HookCallbacks
+
+      vi.mocked(ssePost).mockImplementation(async (_url, _params, options) => {
+        callbacks = options as HookCallbacks
+      })
+
+      const { result } = renderHook(() => useChat())
+
+      act(() => {
+        result.current.handleSend('test-url', { query: 'top-level trace test' }, {})
+      })
+
+      act(() => {
+        callbacks.onWorkflowStarted({ workflow_run_id: 'wr-1', task_id: 't-1' })
+        callbacks.onNodeStarted({ data: { id: 'node-run-1', node_id: 'node-1', title: 'Node 1' } })
+        callbacks.onNodeStarted({ data: { id: 'node-run-2', node_id: 'node-1', title: 'Node 1 retry' } })
+        callbacks.onNodeFinished({ data: { id: 'node-run-1', node_id: 'node-1', status: 'succeeded' } })
+        callbacks.onNodeFinished({ data: { id: 'node-run-2', node_id: 'node-1', status: 'succeeded' } })
+      })
+
+      const tracing = result.current.chatList[1].workflowProcess?.tracing ?? []
+
+      expect(tracing).toHaveLength(2)
+      expect(tracing).toEqual(expect.arrayContaining([
+        expect.objectContaining({ id: 'node-run-1', status: 'succeeded' }),
+        expect.objectContaining({ id: 'node-run-2', status: 'succeeded' }),
+      ]))
+    })
+
     it('should handle early exits in tracing events during iteration or loop', async () => {
       let callbacks: HookCallbacks
 
@@ -623,7 +683,7 @@ describe('useChat', () => {
         callbacks.onNodeFinished({ data: { id: 'n-1', iteration_id: 'iter-1' } })
       })
 
-      const traceLen1 = result.current.chatList[result.current.chatList.length - 1].workflowProcess?.tracing?.length
+      const traceLen1 = result.current.chatList.at(-1)!.workflowProcess?.tracing?.length
       expect(traceLen1).toBe(0) // None added due to iteration early hits
     })
 
@@ -707,7 +767,7 @@ describe('useChat', () => {
 
       expect(result.current.chatList.some(item => item.id === 'question-m-child')).toBe(true)
       expect(result.current.chatList.some(item => item.id === 'm-child')).toBe(true)
-      expect(result.current.chatList[result.current.chatList.length - 1].content).toBe('child answer')
+      expect(result.current.chatList.at(-1)!.content).toBe('child answer')
     })
 
     it('should strip local file urls before sending payload', () => {
@@ -805,7 +865,7 @@ describe('useChat', () => {
       })
 
       expect(onGetConversationMessages).toHaveBeenCalled()
-      expect(result.current.chatList[result.current.chatList.length - 1].content).toBe('streamed content')
+      expect(result.current.chatList.at(-1)!.content).toBe('streamed content')
     })
 
     it('should clear suggested questions when suggestion fetch fails after completion', async () => {
@@ -851,7 +911,7 @@ describe('useChat', () => {
         callbacks.onNodeFinished({ data: { node_id: 'n-loop', id: 'n-loop' } })
       })
 
-      const latestResponse = result.current.chatList[result.current.chatList.length - 1]
+      const latestResponse = result.current.chatList.at(-1)!
       expect(latestResponse.workflowProcess?.tracing).toHaveLength(0)
     })
 
@@ -878,7 +938,7 @@ describe('useChat', () => {
         callbacks.onTTSChunk('m-th-bind', '')
       })
 
-      const latestResponse = result.current.chatList[result.current.chatList.length - 1]
+      const latestResponse = result.current.chatList.at(-1)!
       expect(latestResponse.id).toBe('m-th-bind')
       expect(latestResponse.conversationId).toBe('c-th-bind')
       expect(latestResponse.workflowProcess?.status).toBe('succeeded')
@@ -971,7 +1031,7 @@ describe('useChat', () => {
         callbacks.onCompleted()
       })
 
-      const lastResponse = result.current.chatList[result.current.chatList.length - 1]
+      const lastResponse = result.current.chatList.at(-1)!
       expect(lastResponse.agent_thoughts![0].thought).toContain('resumed')
 
       expect(lastResponse.workflowProcess?.tracing?.length).toBeGreaterThan(0)
diff --git a/web/app/components/base/chat/chat/hooks.ts b/web/app/components/base/chat/chat/hooks.ts
index a0f335f567..1807eadc0f 100644
--- a/web/app/components/base/chat/chat/hooks.ts
+++ b/web/app/components/base/chat/chat/hooks.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import type {
   IOnDataMoreInfo,
   IOtherOptions,
 } from '@/service/base'
+import type { NodeTracing } from '@/types/workflow'
 import { uniqBy } from 'es-toolkit/compat'
 import { noop } from 'es-toolkit/function'
 import { produce, setAutoFreeze } from 'immer'
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@ import {
 } from '@/app/components/base/file-uploader/utils'
 import { useToastContext } from '@/app/components/base/toast/context'
 import { NodeRunningStatus, WorkflowRunningStatus } from '@/app/components/workflow/types'
+import { upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart } from '@/app/components/workflow/utils/top-level-tracing'
 import useTimestamp from '@/hooks/use-timestamp'
 import { useParams, usePathname } from '@/next/navigation'
 import {
@@ -52,6 +54,39 @@ type SendCallback = {
   isPublicAPI?: boolean
 }
 
+type ParallelTraceLike = Pick<NodeTracing, 'id' | 'node_id' | 'parallel_id' | 'execution_metadata'>
+
+const findParallelTraceIndex = (
+  tracing: ParallelTraceLike[],
+  data: Partial<ParallelTraceLike>,
+) => {
+  const incomingParallelId = data.execution_metadata?.parallel_id ?? data.parallel_id
+
+  if (data.id) {
+    const matchedByIdIndex = tracing.findIndex((item) => {
+      if (item.id !== data.id)
+        return false
+
+      const existingParallelId = item.execution_metadata?.parallel_id ?? item.parallel_id
+      if (!existingParallelId || !incomingParallelId)
+        return true
+
+      return existingParallelId === incomingParallelId
+    })
+
+    if (matchedByIdIndex > -1)
+      return matchedByIdIndex
+  }
+
+  return tracing.findIndex((item) => {
+    if (item.node_id !== data.node_id)
+      return false
+
+    const existingParallelId = item.execution_metadata?.parallel_id ?? item.parallel_id
+    return existingParallelId === incomingParallelId
+  })
+}
+
 export const useChat = (
   config?: ChatConfig,
   formSettings?: {
@@ -419,8 +454,7 @@ export const useChat = (
           if (!responseItem.workflowProcess?.tracing)
             return
           const tracing = responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing
-          const iterationIndex = tracing.findIndex(item => item.node_id === iterationFinishedData.node_id
-            && (item.execution_metadata?.parallel_id === iterationFinishedData.execution_metadata?.parallel_id || item.parallel_id === iterationFinishedData.execution_metadata?.parallel_id))!
+          const iterationIndex = findParallelTraceIndex(tracing, iterationFinishedData)
           if (iterationIndex > -1) {
             tracing[iterationIndex] = {
               ...tracing[iterationIndex],
@@ -432,38 +466,34 @@ export const useChat = (
       },
       onNodeStarted: ({ data: nodeStartedData }) => {
         updateChatTreeNode(messageId, (responseItem) => {
+          if (params.loop_id)
+            return
+
           if (!responseItem.workflowProcess)
             return
           if (!responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing)
             responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing = []
 
-          const currentIndex = responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing.findIndex(item => item.node_id === nodeStartedData.node_id)
-          // if the node is already started, update the node
-          if (currentIndex > -1) {
-            responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing[currentIndex] = {
-              ...nodeStartedData,
-              status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
-            }
-          }
-          else {
-            if (nodeStartedData.iteration_id)
-              return
-
-            responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing.push({
-              ...nodeStartedData,
-              status: WorkflowRunningStatus.Running,
-            })
-          }
+          upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart(responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing, {
+            ...nodeStartedData,
+            status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
+          })
         })
       },
       onNodeFinished: ({ data: nodeFinishedData }) => {
         updateChatTreeNode(messageId, (responseItem) => {
+          if (params.loop_id)
+            return
+
           if (!responseItem.workflowProcess?.tracing)
             return
 
           if (nodeFinishedData.iteration_id)
             return
 
+          if (nodeFinishedData.loop_id)
+            return
+
           const currentIndex = responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing.findIndex((item) => {
             if (!item.execution_metadata?.parallel_id)
               return item.id === nodeFinishedData.id
@@ -505,8 +535,7 @@ export const useChat = (
           if (!responseItem.workflowProcess?.tracing)
             return
           const tracing = responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing
-          const loopIndex = tracing.findIndex(item => item.node_id === loopFinishedData.node_id
-            && (item.execution_metadata?.parallel_id === loopFinishedData.execution_metadata?.parallel_id || item.parallel_id === loopFinishedData.execution_metadata?.parallel_id))!
+          const loopIndex = findParallelTraceIndex(tracing, loopFinishedData)
           if (loopIndex > -1) {
             tracing[loopIndex] = {
               ...tracing[loopIndex],
@@ -582,7 +611,7 @@ export const useChat = (
       {},
       otherOptions,
     )
-  }, [updateChatTreeNode, handleResponding, createAudioPlayerManager, config?.suggested_questions_after_answer])
+  }, [updateChatTreeNode, handleResponding, createAudioPlayerManager, config?.suggested_questions_after_answer, params.loop_id])
 
   const updateCurrentQAOnTree = useCallback(({
     parentId,
@@ -972,12 +1001,13 @@ export const useChat = (
       },
       onIterationFinish: ({ data: iterationFinishedData }) => {
         const tracing = responseItem.workflowProcess!.tracing!
-        const iterationIndex = tracing.findIndex(item => item.node_id === iterationFinishedData.node_id
-          && (item.execution_metadata?.parallel_id === iterationFinishedData.execution_metadata?.parallel_id || item.parallel_id === iterationFinishedData.execution_metadata?.parallel_id))!
-        tracing[iterationIndex] = {
-          ...tracing[iterationIndex],
-          ...iterationFinishedData,
-          status: WorkflowRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+        const iterationIndex = findParallelTraceIndex(tracing, iterationFinishedData)
+        if (iterationIndex > -1) {
+          tracing[iterationIndex] = {
+            ...tracing[iterationIndex],
+            ...iterationFinishedData,
+            status: WorkflowRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+          }
         }
 
         updateCurrentQAOnTree({
@@ -988,30 +1018,19 @@ export const useChat = (
         })
       },
       onNodeStarted: ({ data: nodeStartedData }) => {
+        // `data` is the outer send payload for this request; loop child runs should not emit top-level node traces here.
+        if (data.loop_id)
+          return
+
         if (!responseItem.workflowProcess)
           return
         if (!responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing)
           responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing = []
 
-        const currentIndex = responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing.findIndex(item => item.node_id === nodeStartedData.node_id)
-        if (currentIndex > -1) {
-          responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing[currentIndex] = {
-            ...nodeStartedData,
-            status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
-          }
-        }
-        else {
-          if (nodeStartedData.iteration_id)
-            return
-
-          if (data.loop_id)
-            return
-
-          responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing.push({
-            ...nodeStartedData,
-            status: WorkflowRunningStatus.Running,
-          })
-        }
+        upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart(responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing, {
+          ...nodeStartedData,
+          status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
+        })
         updateCurrentQAOnTree({
           placeholderQuestionId,
           questionItem,
@@ -1020,10 +1039,14 @@ export const useChat = (
         })
       },
       onNodeFinished: ({ data: nodeFinishedData }) => {
+        // Use the outer request payload here as well so loop child runs skip top-level finish handling entirely.
+        if (data.loop_id)
+          return
+
         if (nodeFinishedData.iteration_id)
           return
 
-        if (data.loop_id)
+        if (nodeFinishedData.loop_id)
           return
 
         const currentIndex = responseItem.workflowProcess!.tracing!.findIndex((item) => {
@@ -1069,12 +1092,13 @@ export const useChat = (
       },
       onLoopFinish: ({ data: loopFinishedData }) => {
         const tracing = responseItem.workflowProcess!.tracing!
-        const loopIndex = tracing.findIndex(item => item.node_id === loopFinishedData.node_id
-          && (item.execution_metadata?.parallel_id === loopFinishedData.execution_metadata?.parallel_id || item.parallel_id === loopFinishedData.execution_metadata?.parallel_id))!
-        tracing[loopIndex] = {
-          ...tracing[loopIndex],
-          ...loopFinishedData,
-          status: WorkflowRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+        const loopIndex = findParallelTraceIndex(tracing, loopFinishedData)
+        if (loopIndex > -1) {
+          tracing[loopIndex] = {
+            ...tracing[loopIndex],
+            ...loopFinishedData,
+            status: WorkflowRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+          }
         }
 
         updateCurrentQAOnTree({
diff --git a/web/app/components/datasets/create/website/jina-reader/__tests__/base.spec.tsx b/web/app/components/datasets/create/website/jina-reader/__tests__/base.spec.tsx
index bcfcf39060..953604e5c6 100644
--- a/web/app/components/datasets/create/website/jina-reader/__tests__/base.spec.tsx
+++ b/web/app/components/datasets/create/website/jina-reader/__tests__/base.spec.tsx
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ describe('UrlInput', () => {
 
       render(<UrlInput {...props} />)
       const input = screen.getByRole('textbox')
-      await userEvent.type(input, longUrl)
+      fireEvent.change(input, { target: { value: longUrl } })
 
       expect(input).toHaveValue(longUrl)
     })
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ describe('UrlInput', () => {
 
       render(<UrlInput {...props} />)
       const input = screen.getByRole('textbox')
-      await userEvent.type(input, unicodeUrl)
+      fireEvent.change(input, { target: { value: unicodeUrl } })
 
       expect(input).toHaveValue(unicodeUrl)
     })
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ describe('UrlInput', () => {
 
       render(<UrlInput {...props} />)
       const input = screen.getByRole('textbox')
-      await userEvent.type(input, 'https://rapid.com', { delay: 1 })
+      fireEvent.change(input, { target: { value: 'https://rapid.com' } })
 
       expect(input).toHaveValue('https://rapid.com')
     })
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ describe('UrlInput', () => {
 
       render(<UrlInput {...props} />)
       const input = screen.getByRole('textbox')
-      await userEvent.type(input, 'https://enter.com')
+      fireEvent.change(input, { target: { value: 'https://enter.com' } })
 
       // Focus button and press enter
       const button = screen.getByRole('button', { name: /run/i })
diff --git a/web/app/components/datasets/list/dataset-card/hooks/__tests__/use-dataset-card-state.spec.ts b/web/app/components/datasets/list/dataset-card/hooks/__tests__/use-dataset-card-state.spec.ts
index f29d85b460..935f1329d1 100644
--- a/web/app/components/datasets/list/dataset-card/hooks/__tests__/use-dataset-card-state.spec.ts
+++ b/web/app/components/datasets/list/dataset-card/hooks/__tests__/use-dataset-card-state.spec.ts
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ describe('useDatasetCardState', () => {
       expect(result.current.modalState.showRenameModal).toBe(false)
     })
 
-    it('should close confirm delete modal when closeConfirmDelete is called', () => {
+    it('should close confirm delete modal when closeConfirmDelete is called', async () => {
       const dataset = createMockDataset()
       const { result } = renderHook(() =>
         useDatasetCardState({ dataset, onSuccess: vi.fn() }),
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ describe('useDatasetCardState', () => {
         result.current.detectIsUsedByApp()
       })
 
-      waitFor(() => {
+      await waitFor(() => {
         expect(result.current.modalState.showConfirmDelete).toBe(true)
       })
 
diff --git a/web/app/components/share/text-generation/result/__tests__/workflow-stream-handlers.spec.ts b/web/app/components/share/text-generation/result/__tests__/workflow-stream-handlers.spec.ts
index 45d5ded302..db6af0dc84 100644
--- a/web/app/components/share/text-generation/result/__tests__/workflow-stream-handlers.spec.ts
+++ b/web/app/components/share/text-generation/result/__tests__/workflow-stream-handlers.spec.ts
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ const createHumanInput = (overrides: Partial<HumanInputFormData> = {}): HumanInp
 describe('workflow-stream-handlers helpers', () => {
   it('should update tracing, result text, and human input state', () => {
     const parallelTrace = createTrace({
+      id: 'parallel-trace-1',
       node_id: 'parallel-node',
       execution_metadata: { parallel_id: 'parallel-1' },
       details: [[]],
@@ -109,11 +110,13 @@ describe('workflow-stream-handlers helpers', () => {
     let workflowProcessData = appendParallelStart(undefined, parallelTrace)
     workflowProcessData = appendParallelNext(workflowProcessData, parallelTrace)
     workflowProcessData = finishParallelTrace(workflowProcessData, createTrace({
+      id: 'parallel-trace-1',
       node_id: 'parallel-node',
       execution_metadata: { parallel_id: 'parallel-1' },
       error: 'failed',
     }))
     workflowProcessData = upsertWorkflowNode(workflowProcessData, createTrace({
+      id: 'node-trace-1',
       node_id: 'node-1',
       execution_metadata: { parallel_id: 'parallel-2' },
     }))!
@@ -160,6 +163,129 @@ describe('workflow-stream-handlers helpers', () => {
     expect(nextProcess.tracing[0]?.details).toEqual([[], []])
   })
 
+  it('should keep separate iteration and loop traces for repeated executions with different ids', () => {
+    const process = createWorkflowProcess()
+    process.tracing = [
+      createTrace({
+        id: 'iter-trace-1',
+        node_id: 'iter-1',
+        details: [[]],
+      }),
+      createTrace({
+        id: 'iter-trace-2',
+        node_id: 'iter-1',
+        details: [[]],
+      }),
+      createTrace({
+        id: 'loop-trace-1',
+        node_id: 'loop-1',
+        details: [[]],
+      }),
+      createTrace({
+        id: 'loop-trace-2',
+        node_id: 'loop-1',
+        details: [[]],
+      }),
+    ]
+
+    const iterNextProcess = appendParallelNext(process, createTrace({
+      id: 'iter-trace-2',
+      node_id: 'iter-1',
+    }))
+    const iterFinishedProcess = finishParallelTrace(iterNextProcess, createTrace({
+      id: 'iter-trace-2',
+      node_id: 'iter-1',
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+      details: undefined,
+    }))
+    const loopNextProcess = appendParallelNext(iterFinishedProcess, createTrace({
+      id: 'loop-trace-2',
+      node_id: 'loop-1',
+    }))
+    const loopFinishedProcess = finishParallelTrace(loopNextProcess, createTrace({
+      id: 'loop-trace-2',
+      node_id: 'loop-1',
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+      details: undefined,
+    }))
+
+    expect(loopFinishedProcess.tracing[0]).toEqual(expect.objectContaining({
+      id: 'iter-trace-1',
+      details: [[]],
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
+    }))
+    expect(loopFinishedProcess.tracing[1]).toEqual(expect.objectContaining({
+      id: 'iter-trace-2',
+      details: [[], []],
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+    }))
+    expect(loopFinishedProcess.tracing[2]).toEqual(expect.objectContaining({
+      id: 'loop-trace-1',
+      details: [[]],
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
+    }))
+    expect(loopFinishedProcess.tracing[3]).toEqual(expect.objectContaining({
+      id: 'loop-trace-2',
+      details: [[], []],
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+    }))
+  })
+
+  it('should append a new top-level trace when the same node starts with a different execution id', () => {
+    const process = createWorkflowProcess()
+    process.tracing = [
+      createTrace({
+        id: 'trace-1',
+        node_id: 'node-1',
+        status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+      }),
+    ]
+
+    const updatedProcess = upsertWorkflowNode(process, createTrace({
+      id: 'trace-2',
+      node_id: 'node-1',
+    }))!
+
+    expect(updatedProcess.tracing).toHaveLength(2)
+    expect(updatedProcess.tracing[1]).toEqual(expect.objectContaining({
+      id: 'trace-2',
+      node_id: 'node-1',
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
+    }))
+  })
+
+  it('should finish the matching top-level trace when the same node runs again with a new execution id', () => {
+    const process = createWorkflowProcess()
+    process.tracing = [
+      createTrace({
+        id: 'trace-1',
+        node_id: 'node-1',
+        status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+      }),
+      createTrace({
+        id: 'trace-2',
+        node_id: 'node-1',
+        status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
+      }),
+    ]
+
+    const updatedProcess = finishWorkflowNode(process, createTrace({
+      id: 'trace-2',
+      node_id: 'node-1',
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+    }))!
+
+    expect(updatedProcess.tracing).toHaveLength(2)
+    expect(updatedProcess.tracing[0]).toEqual(expect.objectContaining({
+      id: 'trace-1',
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+    }))
+    expect(updatedProcess.tracing[1]).toEqual(expect.objectContaining({
+      id: 'trace-2',
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+    }))
+  })
+
   it('should leave tracing unchanged when a parallel next event has no matching trace', () => {
     const process = createWorkflowProcess()
     process.tracing = [
@@ -171,6 +297,7 @@ describe('workflow-stream-handlers helpers', () => {
     ]
 
     const nextProcess = appendParallelNext(process, createTrace({
+      id: 'trace-missing',
       node_id: 'missing-node',
       execution_metadata: { parallel_id: 'parallel-2' },
     }))
@@ -228,6 +355,7 @@ describe('workflow-stream-handlers helpers', () => {
       },
     }))
     const notFinished = finishParallelTrace(process, createTrace({
+      id: 'trace-missing',
       node_id: 'missing',
       execution_metadata: {
         parallel_id: 'parallel-missing',
@@ -243,6 +371,7 @@ describe('workflow-stream-handlers helpers', () => {
       loop_id: 'loop-1',
     }))
     const unmatchedFinish = finishWorkflowNode(process, createTrace({
+      id: 'trace-missing',
       node_id: 'missing',
       execution_metadata: {
         parallel_id: 'missing',
diff --git a/web/app/components/share/text-generation/result/workflow-stream-handlers.ts b/web/app/components/share/text-generation/result/workflow-stream-handlers.ts
index 48b132587e..ef8418f9fa 100644
--- a/web/app/components/share/text-generation/result/workflow-stream-handlers.ts
+++ b/web/app/components/share/text-generation/result/workflow-stream-handlers.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import type { HumanInputFormTimeoutData, NodeTracing, WorkflowFinishedResponse }
 import { produce } from 'immer'
 import { getFilesInLogs } from '@/app/components/base/file-uploader/utils'
 import { NodeRunningStatus, WorkflowRunningStatus } from '@/app/components/workflow/types'
+import { upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart } from '@/app/components/workflow/utils/top-level-tracing'
 import { sseGet } from '@/service/base'
 
 type Notify = (payload: { type: 'error' | 'warning', message: string }) => void
@@ -49,6 +50,15 @@ const matchParallelTrace = (trace: WorkflowProcess['tracing'][number], data: Nod
       || trace.parallel_id === data.execution_metadata?.parallel_id)
 }
 
+const findParallelTraceIndex = (tracing: WorkflowProcess['tracing'], data: NodeTracing) => {
+  return tracing.findIndex((trace) => {
+    if (trace.id && data.id)
+      return trace.id === data.id
+
+    return matchParallelTrace(trace, data)
+  })
+}
+
 const ensureParallelTraceDetails = (details?: NodeTracing['details']) => {
   return details?.length ? details : [[]]
 }
@@ -68,7 +78,8 @@ const appendParallelStart = (current: WorkflowProcess | undefined, data: NodeTra
 const appendParallelNext = (current: WorkflowProcess | undefined, data: NodeTracing) => {
   return updateWorkflowProcess(current, (draft) => {
     draft.expand = true
-    const trace = draft.tracing.find(item => matchParallelTrace(item, data))
+    const traceIndex = findParallelTraceIndex(draft.tracing, data)
+    const trace = draft.tracing[traceIndex]
     if (!trace)
       return
 
@@ -80,10 +91,13 @@ const appendParallelNext = (current: WorkflowProcess | undefined, data: NodeTrac
 const finishParallelTrace = (current: WorkflowProcess | undefined, data: NodeTracing) => {
   return updateWorkflowProcess(current, (draft) => {
     draft.expand = true
-    const traceIndex = draft.tracing.findIndex(item => matchParallelTrace(item, data))
+    const traceIndex = findParallelTraceIndex(draft.tracing, data)
     if (traceIndex > -1) {
+      const currentTrace = draft.tracing[traceIndex]
       draft.tracing[traceIndex] = {
+        ...currentTrace,
         ...data,
+        details: data.details ?? currentTrace.details,
         expand: !!data.error,
       }
     }
@@ -96,17 +110,22 @@ const upsertWorkflowNode = (current: WorkflowProcess | undefined, data: NodeTrac
 
   return updateWorkflowProcess(current, (draft) => {
     draft.expand = true
-    const currentIndex = draft.tracing.findIndex(item => item.node_id === data.node_id)
     const nextTrace = {
       ...data,
       status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
       expand: true,
     }
 
-    if (currentIndex > -1)
-      draft.tracing[currentIndex] = nextTrace
-    else
-      draft.tracing.push(nextTrace)
+    upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart(draft.tracing, nextTrace)
+  })
+}
+
+const findWorkflowNodeTraceIndex = (tracing: WorkflowProcess['tracing'], data: NodeTracing) => {
+  return tracing.findIndex((trace) => {
+    if (trace.id && data.id)
+      return trace.id === data.id
+
+    return matchParallelTrace(trace, data)
   })
 }
 
@@ -115,7 +134,7 @@ const finishWorkflowNode = (current: WorkflowProcess | undefined, data: NodeTrac
     return current
 
   return updateWorkflowProcess(current, (draft) => {
-    const currentIndex = draft.tracing.findIndex(trace => matchParallelTrace(trace, data))
+    const currentIndex = findWorkflowNodeTraceIndex(draft.tracing, data)
     if (currentIndex > -1) {
       draft.tracing[currentIndex] = {
         ...(draft.tracing[currentIndex].extras
diff --git a/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/__tests__/use-workflow-run-event-store-only.spec.ts b/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/__tests__/use-workflow-run-event-store-only.spec.ts
index 2085e5ab47..8574047e70 100644
--- a/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/__tests__/use-workflow-run-event-store-only.spec.ts
+++ b/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/__tests__/use-workflow-run-event-store-only.spec.ts
@@ -109,13 +109,13 @@ describe('useWorkflowAgentLog', () => {
     const { result, store } = renderWorkflowHook(() => useWorkflowAgentLog(), {
       initialStoreState: {
         workflowRunningData: baseRunningData({
-          tracing: [{ node_id: 'n1', execution_metadata: {} }],
+          tracing: [{ id: 'trace-1', node_id: 'n1', execution_metadata: {} }],
         }),
       },
     })
 
     result.current.handleWorkflowAgentLog({
-      data: { node_id: 'n1', message_id: 'm1' },
+      data: { node_id: 'n1', node_execution_id: 'trace-1', message_id: 'm1' },
     } as AgentLogResponse)
 
     const trace = store.getState().workflowRunningData!.tracing![0]
@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ describe('useWorkflowAgentLog', () => {
       initialStoreState: {
         workflowRunningData: baseRunningData({
           tracing: [{
+            id: 'trace-1',
             node_id: 'n1',
             execution_metadata: { agent_log: [{ message_id: 'm1', text: 'log1' }] },
           }],
@@ -136,7 +137,7 @@ describe('useWorkflowAgentLog', () => {
     })
 
     result.current.handleWorkflowAgentLog({
-      data: { node_id: 'n1', message_id: 'm2' },
+      data: { node_id: 'n1', node_execution_id: 'trace-1', message_id: 'm2' },
     } as AgentLogResponse)
 
     expect(store.getState().workflowRunningData!.tracing![0].execution_metadata!.agent_log).toHaveLength(2)
@@ -147,6 +148,7 @@ describe('useWorkflowAgentLog', () => {
       initialStoreState: {
         workflowRunningData: baseRunningData({
           tracing: [{
+            id: 'trace-1',
             node_id: 'n1',
             execution_metadata: { agent_log: [{ message_id: 'm1', text: 'old' }] },
           }],
@@ -155,7 +157,7 @@ describe('useWorkflowAgentLog', () => {
     })
 
     result.current.handleWorkflowAgentLog({
-      data: { node_id: 'n1', message_id: 'm1', text: 'new' },
+      data: { node_id: 'n1', node_execution_id: 'trace-1', message_id: 'm1', text: 'new' },
     } as unknown as AgentLogResponse)
 
     const log = store.getState().workflowRunningData!.tracing![0].execution_metadata!.agent_log!
@@ -167,17 +169,39 @@ describe('useWorkflowAgentLog', () => {
     const { result, store } = renderWorkflowHook(() => useWorkflowAgentLog(), {
       initialStoreState: {
         workflowRunningData: baseRunningData({
-          tracing: [{ node_id: 'n1' }],
+          tracing: [{ id: 'trace-1', node_id: 'n1' }],
         }),
       },
     })
 
     result.current.handleWorkflowAgentLog({
-      data: { node_id: 'n1', message_id: 'm1' },
+      data: { node_id: 'n1', node_execution_id: 'trace-1', message_id: 'm1' },
     } as AgentLogResponse)
 
     expect(store.getState().workflowRunningData!.tracing![0].execution_metadata!.agent_log).toHaveLength(1)
   })
+
+  it('should attach the log to the matching execution id when a node runs multiple times', () => {
+    const { result, store } = renderWorkflowHook(() => useWorkflowAgentLog(), {
+      initialStoreState: {
+        workflowRunningData: baseRunningData({
+          tracing: [
+            { id: 'trace-1', node_id: 'n1', execution_metadata: {} },
+            { id: 'trace-2', node_id: 'n1', execution_metadata: {} },
+          ],
+        }),
+      },
+    })
+
+    result.current.handleWorkflowAgentLog({
+      data: { node_id: 'n1', node_execution_id: 'trace-2', message_id: 'm2' },
+    } as AgentLogResponse)
+
+    const tracing = store.getState().workflowRunningData!.tracing!
+    expect(tracing[0].execution_metadata!.agent_log).toBeUndefined()
+    expect(tracing[1].execution_metadata!.agent_log).toHaveLength(1)
+    expect(tracing[1].execution_metadata!.agent_log![0].message_id).toBe('m2')
+  })
 })
 
 describe('useWorkflowNodeHumanInputFormFilled', () => {
diff --git a/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/__tests__/use-workflow-run-event-with-viewport.spec.ts b/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/__tests__/use-workflow-run-event-with-viewport.spec.ts
index 73b16acf2e..b1cd8a0136 100644
--- a/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/__tests__/use-workflow-run-event-with-viewport.spec.ts
+++ b/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/__tests__/use-workflow-run-event-with-viewport.spec.ts
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ describe('useWorkflowNodeStarted', () => {
 
     act(() => {
       result.current.handleWorkflowNodeStarted(
-        { data: { node_id: 'n1' } } as NodeStartedResponse,
+        { data: { id: 'trace-n1', node_id: 'n1' } } as NodeStartedResponse,
         containerParams,
       )
     })
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ describe('useWorkflowNodeStarted', () => {
 
     act(() => {
       result.current.handleWorkflowNodeStarted(
-        { data: { node_id: 'n2' } } as NodeStartedResponse,
+        { data: { id: 'trace-n2', node_id: 'n2' } } as NodeStartedResponse,
         containerParams,
       )
     })
@@ -157,8 +157,8 @@ describe('useWorkflowNodeStarted', () => {
       initialStoreState: {
         workflowRunningData: baseRunningData({
           tracing: [
-            { node_id: 'n0', status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded },
-            { node_id: 'n1', status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded },
+            { id: 'trace-0', node_id: 'n0', status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded },
+            { id: 'trace-1', node_id: 'n1', status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded },
           ],
         }),
       },
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ describe('useWorkflowNodeStarted', () => {
 
     act(() => {
       result.current.handleWorkflowNodeStarted(
-        { data: { node_id: 'n1' } } as NodeStartedResponse,
+        { data: { id: 'trace-1', node_id: 'n1' } } as NodeStartedResponse,
         containerParams,
       )
     })
@@ -175,6 +175,32 @@ describe('useWorkflowNodeStarted', () => {
     expect(tracing).toHaveLength(2)
     expect(tracing[1].status).toBe(NodeRunningStatus.Running)
   })
+
+  it('should append a new tracing entry when the same node starts a new execution id', () => {
+    const { result, store } = renderViewportHook(() => useWorkflowNodeStarted(), {
+      initialStoreState: {
+        workflowRunningData: baseRunningData({
+          tracing: [
+            { id: 'trace-0', node_id: 'n0', status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded },
+            { id: 'trace-1', node_id: 'n1', status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded },
+          ],
+        }),
+      },
+    })
+
+    act(() => {
+      result.current.handleWorkflowNodeStarted(
+        { data: { id: 'trace-2', node_id: 'n1' } } as NodeStartedResponse,
+        containerParams,
+      )
+    })
+
+    const tracing = store.getState().workflowRunningData!.tracing!
+    expect(tracing).toHaveLength(3)
+    expect(tracing[2].id).toBe('trace-2')
+    expect(tracing[2].node_id).toBe('n1')
+    expect(tracing[2].status).toBe(NodeRunningStatus.Running)
+  })
 })
 
 describe('useWorkflowNodeIterationStarted', () => {
diff --git a/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/use-workflow-run-event/use-workflow-agent-log.ts b/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/use-workflow-run-event/use-workflow-agent-log.ts
index 08fb526000..a1a94df361 100644
--- a/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/use-workflow-run-event/use-workflow-agent-log.ts
+++ b/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/use-workflow-run-event/use-workflow-agent-log.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export const useWorkflowAgentLog = () => {
     } = workflowStore.getState()
 
     setWorkflowRunningData(produce(workflowRunningData!, (draft) => {
-      const currentIndex = draft.tracing!.findIndex(item => item.node_id === data.node_id)
+      const currentIndex = draft.tracing!.findIndex(item => item.id === data.node_execution_id)
       if (currentIndex > -1) {
         const current = draft.tracing![currentIndex]
 
diff --git a/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/use-workflow-run-event/use-workflow-node-started.ts b/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/use-workflow-run-event/use-workflow-node-started.ts
index 01f60e12e9..1528a99468 100644
--- a/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/use-workflow-run-event/use-workflow-node-started.ts
+++ b/web/app/components/workflow/hooks/use-workflow-run-event/use-workflow-node-started.ts
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ export const useWorkflowNodeStarted = () => {
       transform,
     } = store.getState()
     const nodes = getNodes()
-    const currentIndex = workflowRunningData?.tracing?.findIndex(item => item.node_id === data.node_id)
-    if (currentIndex && currentIndex > -1) {
+    const currentIndex = workflowRunningData?.tracing?.findIndex(item => item.id === data.id)
+    if (currentIndex !== undefined && currentIndex > -1) {
       setWorkflowRunningData(produce(workflowRunningData!, (draft) => {
         draft.tracing![currentIndex] = {
           ...data,
diff --git a/web/app/components/workflow/panel/debug-and-preview/hooks.ts b/web/app/components/workflow/panel/debug-and-preview/hooks.ts
index fe4ffda4da..37c7df24b9 100644
--- a/web/app/components/workflow/panel/debug-and-preview/hooks.ts
+++ b/web/app/components/workflow/panel/debug-and-preview/hooks.ts
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ import {
 import { useHooksStore } from '../../hooks-store'
 import { useWorkflowStore } from '../../store'
 import { NodeRunningStatus, WorkflowRunningStatus } from '../../types'
+import { upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart } from '../../utils/top-level-tracing'
 
 type GetAbortController = (abortController: AbortController) => void
 type SendCallback = {
@@ -509,19 +510,13 @@ export const useChat = (
           }
         },
         onNodeStarted: ({ data }) => {
-          const currentIndex = responseItem.workflowProcess!.tracing!.findIndex(item => item.node_id === data.node_id)
-          if (currentIndex > -1) {
-            responseItem.workflowProcess!.tracing![currentIndex] = {
-              ...data,
-              status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
-            }
-          }
-          else {
-            responseItem.workflowProcess!.tracing!.push({
-              ...data,
-              status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
-            })
-          }
+          if (params.loop_id)
+            return
+
+          upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart(responseItem.workflowProcess!.tracing!, {
+            ...data,
+            status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
+          })
           updateCurrentQAOnTree({
             placeholderQuestionId,
             questionItem,
@@ -540,6 +535,9 @@ export const useChat = (
           })
         },
         onNodeFinished: ({ data }) => {
+          if (params.loop_id)
+            return
+
           const currentTracingIndex = responseItem.workflowProcess!.tracing!.findIndex(item => item.id === data.id)
           if (currentTracingIndex > -1) {
             responseItem.workflowProcess!.tracing[currentTracingIndex] = {
@@ -555,7 +553,7 @@ export const useChat = (
           }
         },
         onAgentLog: ({ data }) => {
-          const currentNodeIndex = responseItem.workflowProcess!.tracing!.findIndex(item => item.node_id === data.node_id)
+          const currentNodeIndex = responseItem.workflowProcess!.tracing!.findIndex(item => item.id === data.node_execution_id)
           if (currentNodeIndex > -1) {
             const current = responseItem.workflowProcess!.tracing![currentNodeIndex]
 
@@ -781,8 +779,7 @@ export const useChat = (
           if (!responseItem.workflowProcess?.tracing)
             return
           const tracing = responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing
-          const iterationIndex = tracing.findIndex(item => item.node_id === iterationFinishedData.node_id
-            && (item.execution_metadata?.parallel_id === iterationFinishedData.execution_metadata?.parallel_id || item.parallel_id === iterationFinishedData.execution_metadata?.parallel_id))!
+          const iterationIndex = tracing.findIndex(item => item.id === iterationFinishedData.id)!
           if (iterationIndex > -1) {
             tracing[iterationIndex] = {
               ...tracing[iterationIndex],
@@ -799,22 +796,10 @@ export const useChat = (
           if (!responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing)
             responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing = []
 
-          const currentIndex = responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing.findIndex(item => item.node_id === nodeStartedData.node_id)
-          if (currentIndex > -1) {
-            responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing[currentIndex] = {
-              ...nodeStartedData,
-              status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
-            }
-          }
-          else {
-            if (nodeStartedData.iteration_id)
-              return
-
-            responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing.push({
-              ...nodeStartedData,
-              status: WorkflowRunningStatus.Running,
-            })
-          }
+          upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart(responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing, {
+            ...nodeStartedData,
+            status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
+          })
         })
       },
       onNodeFinished: ({ data: nodeFinishedData }) => {
@@ -825,6 +810,9 @@ export const useChat = (
           if (nodeFinishedData.iteration_id)
             return
 
+          if (nodeFinishedData.loop_id)
+            return
+
           const currentIndex = responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing.findIndex((item) => {
             if (!item.execution_metadata?.parallel_id)
               return item.id === nodeFinishedData.id
@@ -852,8 +840,7 @@ export const useChat = (
           if (!responseItem.workflowProcess?.tracing)
             return
           const tracing = responseItem.workflowProcess.tracing
-          const loopIndex = tracing.findIndex(item => item.node_id === loopFinishedData.node_id
-            && (item.execution_metadata?.parallel_id === loopFinishedData.execution_metadata?.parallel_id || item.parallel_id === loopFinishedData.execution_metadata?.parallel_id))!
+          const loopIndex = tracing.findIndex(item => item.id === loopFinishedData.id)!
           if (loopIndex > -1) {
             tracing[loopIndex] = {
               ...tracing[loopIndex],
diff --git a/web/app/components/workflow/utils/top-level-tracing.spec.ts b/web/app/components/workflow/utils/top-level-tracing.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..da01cc2a6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/app/components/workflow/utils/top-level-tracing.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+import type { NodeTracing } from '@/types/workflow'
+import { NodeRunningStatus } from '@/app/components/workflow/types'
+import { upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart } from './top-level-tracing'
+
+const createTrace = (overrides: Partial<NodeTracing> = {}): NodeTracing => ({
+  id: 'trace-1',
+  index: 0,
+  predecessor_node_id: '',
+  node_id: 'node-1',
+  node_type: 'llm' as NodeTracing['node_type'],
+  title: 'Node 1',
+  inputs: {},
+  inputs_truncated: false,
+  process_data: {},
+  process_data_truncated: false,
+  outputs: {},
+  outputs_truncated: false,
+  status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+  elapsed_time: 0,
+  metadata: {
+    iterator_length: 0,
+    iterator_index: 0,
+    loop_length: 0,
+    loop_index: 0,
+  },
+  created_at: 0,
+  created_by: {
+    id: 'user-1',
+    name: 'User',
+    email: 'user@example.com',
+  },
+  finished_at: 0,
+  ...overrides,
+})
+
+describe('upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+  })
+
+  it('should append a new top-level node when no matching trace exists', () => {
+    const tracing: NodeTracing[] = []
+    const startedNode = createTrace({
+      id: 'trace-2',
+      node_id: 'node-2',
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
+    })
+
+    const updated = upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart(tracing, startedNode)
+
+    expect(updated).toBe(true)
+    expect(tracing).toEqual([startedNode])
+  })
+
+  it('should update an existing top-level node when the execution id matches', () => {
+    const tracing: NodeTracing[] = [
+      createTrace({
+        id: 'trace-1',
+        node_id: 'node-1',
+        status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+      }),
+    ]
+    const startedNode = createTrace({
+      id: 'trace-1',
+      node_id: 'node-1',
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
+    })
+
+    const updated = upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart(tracing, startedNode)
+
+    expect(updated).toBe(true)
+    expect(tracing).toEqual([startedNode])
+  })
+
+  it('should append a new top-level node when the same node starts with a new execution id', () => {
+    const existingTrace = createTrace({
+      id: 'trace-1',
+      node_id: 'node-1',
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+    })
+    const tracing: NodeTracing[] = [existingTrace]
+    const startedNode = createTrace({
+      id: 'trace-2',
+      node_id: 'node-1',
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
+    })
+
+    const updated = upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart(tracing, startedNode)
+
+    expect(updated).toBe(true)
+    expect(tracing).toEqual([existingTrace, startedNode])
+  })
+
+  it('should ignore nested iteration node starts even when the node id matches a top-level trace', () => {
+    const existingTrace = createTrace({
+      id: 'top-level-trace',
+      node_id: 'node-1',
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+    })
+    const tracing: NodeTracing[] = [existingTrace]
+    const nestedIterationTrace = createTrace({
+      id: 'iteration-trace',
+      node_id: 'node-1',
+      iteration_id: 'iteration-1',
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
+    })
+
+    const updated = upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart(tracing, nestedIterationTrace)
+
+    expect(updated).toBe(false)
+    expect(tracing).toEqual([existingTrace])
+  })
+
+  it('should ignore nested loop node starts even when the node id matches a top-level trace', () => {
+    const existingTrace = createTrace({
+      id: 'top-level-trace',
+      node_id: 'node-1',
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Succeeded,
+    })
+    const tracing: NodeTracing[] = [existingTrace]
+    const nestedLoopTrace = createTrace({
+      id: 'loop-trace',
+      node_id: 'node-1',
+      loop_id: 'loop-1',
+      status: NodeRunningStatus.Running,
+    })
+
+    const updated = upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart(tracing, nestedLoopTrace)
+
+    expect(updated).toBe(false)
+    expect(tracing).toEqual([existingTrace])
+  })
+})
diff --git a/web/app/components/workflow/utils/top-level-tracing.ts b/web/app/components/workflow/utils/top-level-tracing.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8ddeb2a957
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/app/components/workflow/utils/top-level-tracing.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import type { NodeTracing } from '@/types/workflow'
+
+const isNestedTracingNode = (trace: Pick<NodeTracing, 'iteration_id' | 'loop_id'>) => {
+  return Boolean(trace.iteration_id || trace.loop_id)
+}
+
+export const upsertTopLevelTracingNodeOnStart = (
+  tracing: NodeTracing[],
+  startedNode: NodeTracing,
+) => {
+  if (isNestedTracingNode(startedNode))
+    return false
+
+  const currentIndex = tracing.findIndex(item => item.id === startedNode.id)
+  if (currentIndex > -1)
+    // Started events are the authoritative snapshot for an execution; merging would retain stale client-side fields.
+    tracing[currentIndex] = startedNode
+  else
+    tracing.push(startedNode)
+
+  return true
+}